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KMID : 0352720100340040304
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Journal of Ginseng Research
2010 Volume.34 No. 4 p.304 ~ p.313
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Alterations of Spontaneous Sleep Architecture and Cortical Electroencephalogram Power Spectra by Red Ginseng Extract via GABAAergic Systems
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Yang Shu-Long
Nam Sang-Yoon
Han Jin-Yi
Kim Jun-Cheol
Lee Ki-Nam
Hong Geun-Pyo
Oh Ki-Wan
Eun Jae-Soon
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Abstract
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This study was undertaken to discover the effects and possible mechanisms of the effect of red ginseng extract (RGE) on spontaneous sleep. The effects of a low dose (10 ㎎/㎏) and a high dose (200 ㎎/㎏) of RGE were compared in rats. After recovery from a surgical operation enabling electroencephalograms recordings, rats were administered RGE orally. RGE was administered orally for 1 day or once per day for 5 days in either 10 or 200 ㎎/㎏ doses. Polygraphic signs were recorded for 12 h after oral administration of RGE. Both treatment with a large dose (200 ㎎/㎏) of RGE for one day and treatment with either a large or a small dose for 5 days reduced the number of sleep?ake cycles. Daily treatment with RGE (either 10 or 200 ㎎/㎏) for 5 days augmented NREM and total sleep, but reduced wakefulness. Delta wave activity recorded during non-REM (NREM) sleep and REM sleep was increased after one treatment with RGE (either 10 or 200 ㎎/㎏). Delta wave activity during NREM was enhanced after daily treatment with RGE (either 10 or 200 ㎎/㎏) for 5 days. Both alpha and beta subunits of the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor were significantly over-expressed in the hypothalamus of the RGEtreated groups. Moreover, the expression of glutamic acid decarboxylase was also increased in the hypothalamus. These results demonstrate that RGE may regulate spontaneous sleep via GABAAergic systems.
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KEYWORD
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Red ginseng extract, Sleep architecture, Electroencephalography, GABA, A< /SUB>, receptors subunits, Hypothalamus
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